Early Signs of Developmental Delays: When to Act

Every child develops at their own pace, but there are general milestones that serve as important indicators of healthy development. When a child consistently misses these milestones, it may be an early sign of a developmental delay. Identifying these signs early and accessing support services can make a significant difference in long-term outcomes.

What Are Developmental Delays?

A developmental delay occurs when a child does not reach developmental milestones at the expected age. These delays may occur in one or more of the following areas:

Cognitive: Problem-solving and learning skills
Language and Communication: Understanding and using language
Motor Skills: Gross and fine motor abilities
Social and Emotional: Interacting with others and managing emotions

Evidence-Based Milestones and Red Flags

The CDC and WHO provide milestone checklists to track typical development. Below are key milestones and red flags for concern:

At 6 Months

Expected: Rolls over, responds to name, starts babbling
Red Flags: No social smile, no response to sounds, very floppy or stiff limbs

At 12 Months

Expected: Says basic words (mama, dada), pulls to stand, points to things
Red Flags: Doesn’t crawl, doesn’t point or wave, no single words

At 18–24 Months

Expected: Walks independently, uses 10–50 words, follows simple instructions
Red Flags: No clear words, doesn’t imitate actions, shows no interest in others

At 3 Years

Expected: Speaks in sentences, plays with other children, climbs stairs
Red Flags: Limited speech, frequent falls, lack of pretend play

If your child exhibits several red flags or regresses in skills they previously had, it’s important to seek evaluation as soon as possible.

When and How to Act

Early identification leads to early intervention, which is key to improving outcomes. Parents should:

Discuss concerns with a pediatrician
Request a developmental screening
Keep a journal of observed behaviors and missed milestones

Understanding Early Intervention Programs

Early Intervention (EI) refers to services that support infants and toddlers with developmental delays. In Singapore, the Early Intervention Programme for Infants and Children (EIPIC) is one such example, supported by SG Enable and the Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF).

What to Expect from Early Intervention:

Assessment: Multidisciplinary team evaluates developmental areas
Individualized Support: Tailored plans including speech therapy, occupational therapy, and special education
Parent Involvement: Training and support to reinforce strategies at home
Progress Monitoring: Regular review and updates to support goals

Why Early Action Matters

Research shows that children who receive support before age 3 have significantly better outcomes in communication, learning, and behavior. The earlier a delay is identified, the more effectively it can be addressed.

FAQ

Is it normal for children to reach milestones at slightly different times?: Yes, small variations are normal. However, consistent or significant delays should be evaluated by a professional.
What is the first step if I suspect a delay?: Speak with your pediatrician or contact an early intervention agency for developmental screening.
Can children with delays catch up?: Many children who receive early intervention do catch up with their peers, especially when delays are mild and addressed early.

Scientific and Professional Sources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Developmental Milestones: cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly
World Health Organization (WHO) – Nurturing Care Framework
SingHealth – Department of Developmental and Behavioural Paediatrics
MSF Singapore – Early Intervention Services: msf.gov.sg

If you are concerned about your child’s development, trust your instincts. Early support can make a world of difference.